Consider the following statements regarding the agents of erosion and deposition: 1. Erosion and deposition are carried out only by human activities. 2. Erosion is the process of wearing away the earth's surface. 3. Deposition is the process of rebuilding the earth's surface. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Option The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only. Explanation Geomorphic processes are classified into endogenic (internal) and exogenic (external) forces. Exogenic processes derive their energy primarily from the sun and gravity. These processes involve gradation, which includes degradation (wearing down) and aggradation (building up) of the Earth's relief through agents such as running water, wind, glaciers, and waves. Statement-wise Analysis - Statement 1 is Incorrect. Erosion and deposition are primarily natural geological processes driven by agents such as running water, groundwater, glaciers, wind, and waves. While human activities (anthropogenic factors) can accelerate or modify these processes, they are not the sole agents. Nature is the primary driver of geomorphic change. - Statement 2 is Correct. Erosion is a degradational process. It involves the acquisition and transportation of rock debris. Through erosion, the Earth's surface is worn away, leading to a lowering of the relief. - Statement 3 is Correct. Deposition is an aggradational process and is a direct consequence of erosion. When the velocity of the erosional agent decreases, the transported material settles. This process fills up depressions and rebuilds or raises the Earth's surface. Key Takeaway Gradation seeks to bring the Earth's surface to a common level: Erosion (degradation) lowers elevated landforms, while Deposition (aggradation) fills depressions, driven principally by natural agents like water and wind.

NCERT Class 6 Geography — Chapter 3: Major Landforms of the Earth

mcqeasy

Consider the following statements regarding the agents of erosion and deposition:

Erosion and deposition are carried out only by human activities.
Erosion is the process of wearing away the earth's surface.
Deposition is the process of rebuilding the earth's surface.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1 and 2 only
B2 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3

Did you get this right?

Solution

Correct Option

The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.

Explanation

Geomorphic processes are classified into endogenic (internal) and exogenic (external) forces. Exogenic processes derive their energy primarily from the sun and gravity. These processes involve gradation, which includes degradation (wearing down) and aggradation (building up) of the Earth's relief through agents such as running water, wind, glaciers, and waves.

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Incorrect. Erosion and deposition are primarily natural geological processes driven by agents such as running water, groundwater, glaciers, wind, and waves. While human activities (anthropogenic factors) can accelerate or modify these processes, they are not the sole agents. Nature is the primary driver of geomorphic change.
Statement 2 is Correct. Erosion is a degradational process. It involves the acquisition and transportation of rock debris. Through erosion, the Earth's surface is worn away, leading to a lowering of the relief.
Statement 3 is Correct. Deposition is an aggradational process and is a direct consequence of erosion. When the velocity of the erosional agent decreases, the transported material settles. This process fills up depressions and rebuilds or raises the Earth's surface.

Key Takeaway

Gradation seeks to bring the Earth's surface to a common level: Erosion (degradation) lowers elevated landforms, while Deposition (aggradation) fills depressions, driven principally by natural agents like water and wind.

Your note

More from Chapter 3: Major Landforms of the Earth

Consider the following statements regarding the geomorphic processes acting on the Earth: 1. The internal process leads to the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface. 2. The internal process results in the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface. 3. The wearing away of the earth’s surface is termed as erosion, while rebuilding happens through deposition. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

With reference to the classification of mountains, consider the following statements: 1. The Himalayas and the Alps are young fold mountains characterized by rugged relief and high conical peaks. 2. The Aravali range in India is an example of a young fold mountain system that is currently rising. 3. The Appalachians in North America have high conical peaks. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

Consider the following statements regarding Block Mountains: 1. They are created when large areas are broken and displaced vertically. 2. The uplifted blocks are termed as 'graben' and the lowered blocks are called 'horsts'. 3. The Rhine valley in Europe is an example of such a mountain system. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

With reference to the utility of plateaus, consider the following statements: 1. The African plateau is poor in mineral resources. 2. The Chhotanagpur plateau in India has huge reserves of iron, coal, and manganese. 3. Lava plateaus are often rich in black soil that is fertile and good for cultivation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

Consider the following statements regarding the formation of plains: 1. Most plains are formed by wind erosion. 2. Rivers erode the slopes of mountains and deposit the load in valleys. 3. Plains are generally more than 200 metres above mean sea level. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Correct Option

The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Incorrect. Erosion and deposition are primarily natural geological processes driven by agents such as running water, groundwater, glaciers, wind, and waves. While human activities (anthropogenic factors) can accelerate or modify these processes, they are not the sole agents. Nature is the primary driver of geomorphic change.
Statement 2 is Correct. Erosion is a degradational process. It involves the acquisition and transportation of rock debris. Through erosion, the Earth's surface is worn away, leading to a lowering of the relief.
Statement 3 is Correct. Deposition is an aggradational process and is a direct consequence of erosion. When the velocity of the erosional agent decreases, the transported material settles. This process fills up depressions and rebuilds or raises the Earth's surface.