The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The Revolt of 1857 led to a fundamental restructuring of British administration in India. The British Parliament enacted the Government of India Act, 1858, which ended the rule of the East India Company and reorganized the military to prevent future uprisings.
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Government of India Act, 1858, abolished the East India Company. The powers to govern, along with territories and revenues, were transferred directly to the British Crown.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The Act changed the designation of the Governor-General of India to the Viceroy of India. The Viceroy served as the personal representative of the Crown. Lord Canning became the first Viceroy of India. The title of "President" was not assigned.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The British reorganized the army based on the "martial races" theory. Soldiers from Awadh, Bihar, and Central India, who had spearheaded the revolt, were declared non-martial and their recruitment was reduced. Conversely, the British increased recruitment from among the Gurkhas, Sikhs, and Pathans, who had remained loyal and assisted in suppressing the revolt.
Key Takeaway: The immediate consequence of the 1857 Revolt was the transition from Company Rule to Crown Rule via the Government of India Act, 1858, and a strategic shift in military recruitment favoring groups considered loyal to the British.