The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Longitudes are semi-circles running from pole to pole, measuring angular distance east or west of the Prime Meridian (0°). The 180° meridian is the longitude directly opposite the Prime Meridian.Statement 1 is Incorrect: The 180° meridian is not composed of two separate lines. While longitudes increase from 0° to 180° towards the East and from 0° to 180° towards the West, they converge at a single, common line.
Statement 2 is Correct: The 180° East and 180° West meridians coincide on the exact same line. Unlike other longitudes (e.g., 90°E and 90°W), which are distinct, the 180° meridian is unique as the meeting point of the eastern and western longitudinal hemispheres.
Statement 3 is Correct: A Great Circle is a circle on the surface of a sphere whose plane passes through the center of the sphere, dividing it into two equal halves. The Prime Meridian (0°) and the anti-meridian (180°) are on opposite sides of the Earth; together, they form a continuous Great Circle that divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
Key Takeaway: The 180° meridian is a single line shared by both eastern and western longitudes. When combined with the Prime Meridian, it forms a Great Circle that bisects the Earth.