The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
Maize is a crop used both as food and fodder. While primarily cultivated during the Kharif season in India, its growth is dependent on specific temperature ranges and soil conditions.
- Statement 1 is Correct: Maize is a Kharif crop. It requires a temperature between 21°C to 27°C and grows well in old alluvial soil. However, in some states like Bihar, maize is also grown during the Rabi season.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Maize requires moderate temperatures ranging from 21°C to 27°C. It cannot withstand frost at any stage, and temperatures below 10°C are detrimental to its growth. It does not require low temperatures throughout the growing season.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The use of modern inputs such as High-Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation has contributed to an increase in the production of maize, not a decline.
Key Takeaway: Maize is primarily a Kharif crop requiring moderate temperatures (21°C-27°C) and old alluvial soil; the adoption of HYV seeds and modern technology has boosted its production.