The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
Jute, often referred to as the "Golden Fibre," is a tropical crop primarily cultivated in the eastern regions of India. It requires specific geographical conditions, particularly regarding soil fertility and climate, to thrive as a commercial fibre crop.
Statement 1 is Incorrect: Jute grows extensively on well-drained fertile soils in floodplains where the soil is renewed every year by floodwaters. The new alluvial soil found in river deltas (such as the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta) is ideal for its cultivation because it is rich in nutrients required for the rapid growth of the plant.
Statement 2 is Correct: Jute is a crop of hot and humid climates. It requires high temperatures (typically between 25°C and 35°C) during the time of growth. It cannot tolerate low temperatures or frost. Additionally, it requires high relative humidity (around 80-90%) and substantial rainfall (160-200 cm).
Key Takeaway: Jute cultivation strictly requires a hot and humid climate with high temperatures (>25°C) and fertile, annually renewed alluvial soil found in floodplains.