The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Friction is a resistive force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact. It is fundamentally electromagnetic in nature, arising from the interaction of atoms and molecules at the interface of the surfaces.Statement 1 is Incorrect: Friction is a contact force. It only acts when two bodies are in physical contact with each other. Non-contact forces, such as gravitational, electrostatic, and magnetic forces, can act from a distance without physical touching.
Statement 2 is Correct: The force of friction always acts in a direction opposite to the direction of relative motion (or impending motion) between the surfaces. If an object moves to the right, the frictional force acts to the left to resist that motion.
Statement 3 is Correct: Friction arises specifically due to the contact between surfaces. It is caused by the interlocking of microscopic irregularities (roughness) on the surfaces and the adhesive forces between the molecules of the two materials.
Key Takeaway: Friction is a contact force generated by surface irregularities that acts tangentially to the interface, opposing relative motion.