The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
Exogenic geomorphic processes derive their energy from the atmosphere (sun) and tectonic gradients. These processes, including weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and deposition, work together to degrade (wear down) and aggrade (fill up) the land surface. Understanding the distinct definitions and interrelationships of these processes is crucial.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Erosion is defined as the acquisition and transportation of rock debris. It involves the application of kinetic energy by geomorphic agents (such as running water, wind, glaciers, and waves) to remove material and carry it away.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: While weathering facilitates erosion by breaking down rock into smaller, transportable fragments, it is not an absolute pre-condition. Geomorphic agents possess sufficient force to erode unweathered bedrock directly through processes such as abrasion, plucking, and hydraulic action.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Deposition is not an independent process; it is a direct consequence of erosion. Deposition occurs when the geomorphic agent loses velocity or energy and can no longer carry the load acquired through erosion. Thus, the two processes are intrinsically linked.
Key Takeaway:
Weathering is an in-situ (static) process, while erosion is a dynamic process involving transport. Deposition is the final stage of the erosional cycle, occurring when the transporting agent loses energy.