The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Animals are classified into two categories based on whether the development of the zygote takes place outside the body of the female parent or inside, specifically whether they lay eggs or give birth to young ones.- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Viviparous animals are those that give birth to young ones directly. In these animals, the embryo develops inside the female body, and after a certain period of growth, the young one is delivered. Examples include humans, cows, and dogs.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Oviparous animals are those that lay eggs. The fertilized eggs are laid with a protective shell (in many cases, like birds and reptiles) or without a shell (in amphibians), and the development of the embryo into a young one takes place outside the female body.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Frogs and hens are classic examples of oviparous animals. Hens lay hard-shelled eggs where the embryo develops externally. Frogs lay soft eggs in water, where the larvae (tadpoles) hatch and develop.
Key Takeaway: The primary distinction lies in the site of embryonic development and the mode of birth: Viviparous animals give birth to live young (internal development), whereas Oviparous animals lay eggs (external development).