The correct option is (c).
Explanation
The human female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries along with a pair of oviducts, a uterus, a cervix, a vagina, and the external genitalia located in the pelvic region.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The oviducts are anatomically referred to as fallopian tubes. Each fallopian tube is about 10-12 cm long and extends from the periphery of each ovary to the uterus.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The uterus is a single structure, often referred to as the womb. It is shaped like an inverted pear and is supported by ligaments attached to the pelvic wall. It is not a paired structure; however, the ovaries and oviducts are paired.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Fertilisation, the fusion of the sperm and the ovum, typically takes place in the ampullary region of the fallopian tube (oviduct). If the ovum is not fertilised here, it disintegrates.
Key Takeaway:
In the female reproductive system, the ovaries and fallopian tubes (oviducts) are paired structures, whereas the uterus is a single, muscular organ where implantation and fetal development occur. Fertilisation occurs within the fallopian tubes.