The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
Nayaka paintings (16th-17th centuries) represent a significant phase in South Indian mural art, serving as an extension of the Vijayanagara style. These murals are predominantly found on the walls and ceilings of major temples in Tamil Nadu, such as those in Tiruvarur, Chidambaram, and Tiruparankundram, and are characterized by their narrative density and vibrant iconography.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Tyagarajaswami Temple at Tiruvarur contains extensive mural panels from the Nayaka period. One of the most prominent narratives depicted is the story of Muchukunda Chola. According to the temple's sthala purana (local legend), Muchukunda is the legendary king credited with bringing the idol of Lord Tyagaraja (Somaskanda) from Indra's heaven to Tiruvarur.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: The paintings at the Tiruvarur temple are strictly Shaivite in theme, focusing on the mythology of Lord Shiva and local legends associated with the temple. Scenes from the life of Mahavira belong to Jain iconography and are found in Jain centers of art (such as Sittanavasal or Tirumalai), not in the Shaivite Nayaka murals of Tiruvarur.
Key Takeaway:
Nayaka paintings at Tiruvarur are renowned for illustrating the legend of Muchukunda Chola and are exclusively associated with Shaivite themes, distinct from Jain mural traditions.