Correct Option
The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Mankot school is a sub-school of Pahari miniature painting, originating in the small kingdom of Mankot in the Jammu hills. It flourished during the mid-17th century and is historically and stylistically closely linked to the Basohli school.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The Mankot school developed a style very similar to the Basohli school. This artistic convergence was largely driven by marital alliances between the ruling families of Mankot and Basohli, which facilitated the exchange of artists and cultural influences between the two states.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: It is factually wrong to claim that artists from the Mughal court were the sole developers of the Mankot style. While Mughal influence is present in Pahari paintings generally, the Mankot style is deeply rooted in local folk traditions and the indigenous Basohli idiom. It was not an exclusive product of Mughal artisans.
- Statement 3 is Correct: The Mankot paintings are characterized by a bold and vigorous style. They share distinct features with the Basohli school, such as the use of vivid primary colours, monochrome backgrounds, and large, expressive eyes. The aesthetic is often described as intense and emotionally charged, similar to early Basohli works.
Key Takeaway: The Mankot school of Pahari painting is stylistically a close cousin of the Basohli school, characterized by bold colours and distinct facial forms, a connection fostered by dynastic matrimonial ties.