The correct option is (a).
Explanation
The geographic grid is a network of imaginary lines drawn on a globe or map to locate places on the Earth's surface. It is constituted by the intersection of horizontal lines (parallels of latitude) and vertical lines (meridians of longitude).
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The grid is defined as the network formed by the intersection of parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude. This system allows for the precise determination of any location on Earth.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: If the latitude and longitude of a place are known, its location can be pinpointed exactly at the intersection of those two lines on the grid. A compass is an instrument used for navigation and finding direction (orientation), but it is not required to locate a specific point on a map or globe if the coordinates are already provided.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: The grid system covers the entire Earth, including the Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western Hemispheres. It is a universal reference system applicable to the entire globe.
Key Takeaway: The Earth's grid system is a global network of intersecting latitudes and longitudes used to determine the absolute location of any point on the planet's surface.