Correct Option
The correct option is (a) 1 only.
Explanation
Garha Katanga was a prosperous Gond kingdom located in central India. It was invaded and conquered by the Mughal forces led by Asaf Khan in 1565 during the reign of Emperor Akbar. The kingdom was then ruled by Rani Durgavati on behalf of her five-year-old son, Bir Narayan.
Statement 1 is Correct:
Garha Katanga was a wealthy state, known for earning significant revenue through the trapping and export of wild elephants to other kingdoms. When the Mughals defeated the Gonds, they captured a huge booty of precious coins and elephants, significantly enriching the imperial treasury.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The Mughals did not annex the entire kingdom to the exclusion of the Gond dynasty. While they annexed an extensive part of the kingdom to the Mughal Empire, they granted the remaining part to Chandra Shah, the uncle of Bir Narayan. Thus, a portion of the kingdom was left for the Gond dynasty to rule under Mughal suzerainty.
Key Takeaway:
The fall of Garha Katanga (1565) resulted in the acquisition of immense wealth (coins and elephants) for the Mughals, but the kingdom was not completely absorbed; a reduced territory was restored to a Gond claimant.