The correct option is (a).
Explanation
The Earth exhibits two primary types of motion: Rotation (spinning on its own axis) and Revolution (orbiting around the Sun). These motions define the fundamental units of time measurement, such as days and years.
Statement 1 is Correct:
The Earth rotates on its axis from west to east. It takes approximately 24 hours to complete one full rotation. This daily rotation is responsible for the cycle of day and night.
Statement 2 is Incorrect:
The period of rotation (24 hours) is technically known as the Earthday. The term Solar Year refers to the time taken by the Earth to complete one full revolution around the Sun, which is approximately 365 ¼ days.
Statement 3 is Incorrect:
Rotation is the daily motion of the Earth. The annual motion refers to the Earth's revolution around the Sun, which occurs in an elliptical orbit.
Key Takeaway:
Rotation is the daily motion (24 hours/Earthday) causing day and night, whereas Revolution is the annual motion (365 days/Solar Year) causing seasons.