The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Natural resources are materials found in nature that can be used by humans to satisfy their needs. They are classified into various categories based on different criteria such as level of development, origin, stock (exhaustibility), and distribution.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: Natural resources are not classified only into ubiquitous and localized resources. This is just one basis of classification (based on distribution). Resources are also classified based on:
- Origin: Biotic and Abiotic.
- Exhaustibility: Renewable and Non-renewable.
- Level of Development: Potential and Actual resources.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Many natural resources, such as air, water, and sunlight, are considered free gifts of nature. They are available for human use without the need for production, although their quality and availability may be affected by human activity.
- Statement 3 is Correct: While some resources can be used directly, others require tools and technology to be utilized in the best possible way. For example, crude oil requires refining technology to produce petrol and diesel, and minerals require extraction and processing technologies to be useful.
Key Takeaway: Natural resources are classified on multiple bases including origin, exhaustibility, development status, and distribution (ubiquitous vs. localized). Technology acts as a catalyst to convert neutral stuff into valuable resources.