The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Democracy is a form of government rooted in political equality, accountability, and the protection of individual rights. While it is normatively superior in terms of social and political outcomes, its correlation with economic growth is complex and not definitively superior to authoritarian regimes.Statement-wise Analysis:
- Assertion (A): Correct. Democracy enhances the dignity of citizens. It is based on the principle of political equality, recognizing that the poorest and least educated citizens have the same status as the rich and educated. By treating individuals as citizens with rights rather than subjects, it fosters self-respect and freedom.
- Reason (R): Incorrect. Democracy does not ensure that economic growth is faster than in all dictatorial regimes. Statistical evidence (specifically covering the period 1950–2000) suggests that dictatorships have had a slightly higher rate of economic growth. Economic development depends on multiple factors such as population size, global situation, and economic policies, not solely on the form of government. Therefore, democracy cannot be claimed to guarantee superior economic growth.
Key Takeaway: The primary justification for democracy lies in its ability to provide legitimate, accountable governance and protect citizen dignity, not in guaranteeing higher economic growth rates compared to dictatorships.