The correct option is (b) 1, 3 and 4 only.
Explanation
This question tests knowledge regarding the biogeographical distribution and conservation status of specific wildlife species in India, specifically distinguishing between extant native species and those that are extinct in the wild within the country.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- 1. Black-necked crane: Correct. The Black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis) is naturally found in India. It breeds in the high-altitude wetlands of the Changthang plateau in the Ladakh region. It is the state bird of Ladakh.
- 2. Cheetah: Incorrect. The Asiatic Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) was declared extinct in India in 1952. While African Cheetahs have been recently introduced (translocated) under Project Cheetah (2022), they are not considered "naturally found" in the context of indigenous, extant wildlife populations for this specific classification.
- 3. Flying squirrel: Correct. India is home to several species of flying squirrels, such as the Indian Giant Flying Squirrel and the Namdapha Flying Squirrel. They are found in diverse habitats ranging from the Western Ghats to the Northeast Himalayas.
- 4. Snow leopard: Correct. The Snow leopard (Panthera uncia) is naturally found in the high-altitude Himalayan ranges of India, spanning states and union territories like Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh.
Key Takeaway:
The Asiatic Cheetah is the only large carnivore to have gone extinct in independent India. "Naturally found" implies native, extant populations, excluding extinct or recently introduced exotic subspecies.