With reference to India, consider the following Central Acts : 1. Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947 2. Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957 3. Customs Act, 1962 4. Indian Forest Act, 1927 Which of the above Acts have relevance to/bearing on the biodiversity conservation in the country ?

Correct Option All four Acts mentioned have relevance to biodiversity conservation in India: - Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947: This Act regulates the import and export of goods, including plant and animal species. It helps prevent the introduction of invasive alien species and controls illegal trade in wild flora and fauna, which are critical for biodiversity protection. - Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957: Mining operations can lead to habitat destruction, deforestation, and pollution, directly impacting biodiversity. This Act regulates mining activities to mitigate their environmental impact and promote sustainable resource extraction, thereby supporting biodiversity conservation. - Customs Act, 1962: This Act empowers customs authorities to prevent illegal trade and smuggling across national borders. It is crucial in intercepting the illicit trafficking of endangered wildlife, plants, and their derivatives, which poses a significant threat to biodiversity. - Indian Forest Act, 1927: This legislation provides for the declaration and management of various types of forests (reserved, protected, village forests) and regulates the use of forest produce. Its provisions are fundamental to the protection of forest ecosystems and the biodiversity they sustain. Incorrect Options Options (A), (B), and (D) are incorrect as they exclude one or more Acts that have a direct or indirect bearing on biodiversity conservation. Since all four Acts listed contribute to biodiversity conservation, the option including all of them is the correct choice.

IAS 2011 — Environment & Ecology Environment & Ecology

2011mcqmedium

With reference to India, consider the following Central Acts :

Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947
Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957
Customs Act, 1962
Indian Forest Act, 1927

Which of the above Acts have relevance to/bearing on the biodiversity conservation in the country ?

Official previous-year question

Verified 2 Aug 2026.

Options

A1 and 3 only
B2, 3 and 4 only
C1, 2, 3 and 4
DNone of the above Acts

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Solution

Correct Option

All four Acts mentioned have relevance to biodiversity conservation in India:

Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947: This Act regulates the import and export of goods, including plant and animal species. It helps prevent the introduction of invasive alien species and controls illegal trade in wild flora and fauna, which are critical for biodiversity protection.
Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957: Mining operations can lead to habitat destruction, deforestation, and pollution, directly impacting biodiversity. This Act regulates mining activities to mitigate their environmental impact and promote sustainable resource extraction, thereby supporting biodiversity conservation.
Customs Act, 1962: This Act empowers customs authorities to prevent illegal trade and smuggling across national borders. It is crucial in intercepting the illicit trafficking of endangered wildlife, plants, and their derivatives, which poses a significant threat to biodiversity.
Indian Forest Act, 1927: This legislation provides for the declaration and management of various types of forests (reserved, protected, village forests) and regulates the use of forest produce. Its provisions are fundamental to the protection of forest ecosystems and the biodiversity they sustain.

Incorrect Options

Options (A), (B), and (D) are incorrect as they exclude one or more Acts that have a direct or indirect bearing on biodiversity conservation. Since all four Acts listed contribute to biodiversity conservation, the option including all of them is the correct choice.

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Correct Option

All four Acts mentioned have relevance to biodiversity conservation in India:

Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947: This Act regulates the import and export of goods, including plant and animal species. It helps prevent the introduction of invasive alien species and controls illegal trade in wild flora and fauna, which are critical for biodiversity protection.
Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957: Mining operations can lead to habitat destruction, deforestation, and pollution, directly impacting biodiversity. This Act regulates mining activities to mitigate their environmental impact and promote sustainable resource extraction, thereby supporting biodiversity conservation.
Customs Act, 1962: This Act empowers customs authorities to prevent illegal trade and smuggling across national borders. It is crucial in intercepting the illicit trafficking of endangered wildlife, plants, and their derivatives, which poses a significant threat to biodiversity.
Indian Forest Act, 1927: This legislation provides for the declaration and management of various types of forests (reserved, protected, village forests) and regulates the use of forest produce. Its provisions are fundamental to the protection of forest ecosystems and the biodiversity they sustain.