Correct Option (d)
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) refers to the number of deaths of live-born infants before completing one year of age. Deaths occurring specifically within the first 28 days or one month after birth are termed neonatal mortality, which is a subset of IMR. Thus, IMR considers deaths up to one year, not just within a month.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The Infant Mortality Rate is conventionally expressed as the number of infant deaths per 1000 live births in a given period, not per 100 live births. Using 100 live births as the denominator would significantly misrepresent the actual rate.
Incorrect Options
Options (a), (b), and (c) are incorrect because they imply the correctness of at least one of the statements. Both statements 1 and 2 contain factual inaccuracies regarding the definition and calculation of the Infant Mortality Rate.