Correct Option (2)
To determine the percentage by which R's salary is more than P's salary, we establish a base value for R's salary and calculate P's salary sequentially.
- Assume R's salary = 100 units.
- Q's salary is 20% lower than R's salary.
- Q's salary = 100 - (0.20 × 100) = 100 - 20 = 80 units.
- P's salary is 20% lower than Q's salary.
- P's salary = 80 - (0.20 × 80) = 80 - 16 = 64 units.
- The difference between R's salary and P's salary = 100 - 64 = 36 units.
- The required percentage by which R's salary is more than P's salary is calculated relative to P's salary.
- Required percentage = P’s salaryDifference×100
- Required percentage = 6436×100=0.5625×100=56.25%.
Incorrect Options:
Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect as they do not correspond to the calculated percentage increase of R's salary over P's salary, which is 56.25%.