Correct Option (C):
Kalidasa, a renowned Sanskrit poet and dramatist, was a prominent figure in the court of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya) during the Gupta period. His notable works include Abhijñānaśākuntalam, Meghadūta, and Raghuvaṃśa.
Incorrect Options:
Panini, the celebrated Sanskrit grammarian, is credited with authoring the Aṣṭādhyāyī. He lived around the 4th-5th century BCE, significantly predating Pushyamitra Shunga, who founded the Shunga dynasty in the 2nd century BCE. Thus, there was no association between Panini and Pushyamitra.
Amarasimha, known for his Sanskrit lexicon Amarakosha, is traditionally associated with the court of Chandragupta II. Harshavardhana, on the other hand, ruled in the 7th century CE, a period much later than that of Amarasimha.