Correct Option (D):
The national motto of India, 'Satyameva Jayate', meaning "Truth alone triumphs", is inscribed in Devanagari script below the State Emblem of India. This emblem is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath. The phrase is derived from the Mundaka Upanishad (3.1.6), which is associated with the Atharva Veda. Its adoption as the national motto reflects the ancient Indian philosophical principle that truth is eternal and ultimately prevails, aligning with the nation's constitutional values of justice and integrity.
Incorrect Options:
- Katha Upanishad: This Upanishad is renowned for the dialogue between Nachiketa and Yama, which delves into the nature of the soul (Atman), the mystery of death, and the path to immortality.
- Chandogya Upanishad: As one of the oldest and most significant Upanishads, it contains the famous Mahavakya "Tat Tvam Asi" (Thou art that), emphasizing the oneness of the individual self with the Ultimate Reality.
- Aitareya Upanishad: Forming part of the Aitareya Aranyaka of the Rigveda, this Upanishad primarily discusses the creation of the universe and the origin and nature of the self (Ātman).