Correct Option
The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Transpiration is the biological process by which water is lost in the form of water vapour from the aerial parts of the plant. It plays a crucial role in water transport and temperature regulation within the plant system.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: Transpiration is defined as the evaporative loss of water by plants. It occurs mainly through the stomata in the leaves, though small amounts can occur through the cuticle and lenticels.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Transpiration occurs primarily through the stomata present on the surface of leaves. Root hairs are responsible for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil, not the release of water vapour.
- Statement 3 is Correct: As water evaporates from the leaves, a negative pressure or suction force is created in the xylem vessels. This force, known as transpiration pull, is strong enough to pull water columns upwards from the roots to great heights in tall trees.
Key Takeaway: Transpiration is the evaporative loss of water primarily through leaf stomata, which creates a suction force (transpiration pull) essential for the upward transport of water and minerals against gravity.