With reference to the 'Stomata', consider the following statements: 1. They are large openings present on the roots. 2. They are involved in the process of transpiration. 3. They facilitate the exchange of gases. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The correct option is (c). Explanation Stomata are minute structures located in the epidermis of leaves and young stems, playing a critical role in the physiological processes of plants, particularly in the regulation of water and gas exchange. - Statement 1 is Incorrect: Stomata are tiny pores (microscopic openings), not large openings. Furthermore, they are primarily present on the leaves and young stems of plants. They are generally absent from roots; roots possess root hairs for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil. - Statement 2 is Correct: Stomata are the primary sites for transpiration, which is the evaporative loss of water in the form of water vapor from the aerial parts of the plant. The opening and closing of stomata regulate the rate of transpiration. - Statement 3 is Correct: Stomata facilitate the exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. They allow the entry of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) required for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen ($O_2$) produced as a byproduct. They also facilitate gas exchange during respiration. Key Takeaway: Stomata are microscopic pores found on the epidermis of leaves and stems that regulate transpiration and facilitate gaseous exchange ($CO_2$ and $O_2$). They are not found on roots.

NCERT Class 7 Science — Chapter 3: Transportation in animals and plants

mcqmedium

With reference to the 'Stomata', consider the following statements:

They are large openings present on the roots.
They are involved in the process of transpiration.
They facilitate the exchange of gases.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1 and 2 only
B2 only
C2 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3

Did you get this right?

Solution

The correct option is (c).

Explanation

Stomata are minute structures located in the epidermis of leaves and young stems, playing a critical role in the physiological processes of plants, particularly in the regulation of water and gas exchange.

Statement 1 is Incorrect: Stomata are tiny pores (microscopic openings), not large openings. Furthermore, they are primarily present on the leaves and young stems of plants. They are generally absent from roots; roots possess root hairs for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
Statement 2 is Correct: Stomata are the primary sites for transpiration, which is the evaporative loss of water in the form of water vapor from the aerial parts of the plant. The opening and closing of stomata regulate the rate of transpiration.
Statement 3 is Correct: Stomata facilitate the exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. They allow the entry of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) required for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen ($O_2$) produced as a byproduct. They also facilitate gas exchange during respiration.

Key Takeaway: Stomata are microscopic pores found on the epidermis of leaves and stems that regulate transpiration and facilitate gaseous exchange ($CO_2$ and $O_2$). They are not found on roots.

Your note

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The correct option is (c).

Explanation

Statement 1 is Incorrect: Stomata are tiny pores (microscopic openings), not large openings. Furthermore, they are primarily present on the leaves and young stems of plants. They are generally absent from roots; roots possess root hairs for the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
Statement 2 is Correct: Stomata are the primary sites for transpiration, which is the evaporative loss of water in the form of water vapor from the aerial parts of the plant. The opening and closing of stomata regulate the rate of transpiration.
Statement 3 is Correct: Stomata facilitate the exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. They allow the entry of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) required for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen ($O_2$) produced as a byproduct. They also facilitate gas exchange during respiration.