The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Photosynthesis is the fundamental biological process by which autotrophs convert light energy into chemical energy. This process enables plants to synthesize organic food from inorganic raw materials like carbon dioxide and water.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Solar energy is captured by chlorophyll, a green pigment located within chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are predominantly found in the leaves and green stems of the plant. Roots are subterranean structures primarily responsible for anchoring the plant and absorbing water and minerals from the soil, not for capturing solar energy.
- Statement 2 is Correct. The solar energy trapped by the plant is used to synthesize carbohydrates (glucose). This energy is stored within the plant biomass in the form of food (specifically starch in plants) to provide energy for metabolic activities.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The core mechanism of photosynthesis involves the transduction of energy. Light energy (solar energy) is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into chemical energy. This chemical energy drives the splitting of water molecules and the reduction of carbon dioxide into carbohydrates.
Key Takeaway
Photosynthesis occurs in the green parts of the plant (mainly leaves) where solar energy is converted into chemical energy and stored as starch. Roots function in water and mineral absorption, lacking the pigments necessary for solar energy capture.