The correct option is 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The Nathdwara School is a significant sub-school of the Mewar School of Rajasthani paintings. It developed in the temple town of Nathdwara and is intrinsically linked to the devotional worship of Shrinathji.
- Statement 1 is Correct: The school emerged in the late seventeenth century (specifically around 1670-1672 AD). This development coincided with the migration of the idol of Shrinathji from Mathura to Sihad village (renamed Nathdwara) in the Mewar kingdom, close to Udaipur, to protect it from the policies of Emperor Aurangzeb.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Nathdwara is a prominent centre of Vaishnavism, specifically the Pushtimarg sect founded by Vallabhacharya. It is dedicated to the worship of Lord Krishna (Shrinathji), not Shiva (Shaivite).
- Statement 3 is Correct: The most distinctive feature of this school is the creation of large paintings on cloth called Pichhwais (meaning "hanging at the back"). These are used as elaborate backdrops behind the deity Shrinathji, depicting various festivals and leelas of Krishna.
Key Takeaway: The Nathdwara School is defined by its association with the Vaishnavite Pushtimarg sect and the production of Pichhwai textile paintings in the Mewar region.