With reference to the location of India, consider the following statements: 1. The southern part of the country lies within the tropical zone. 2. The northern part of the country lies within the tropical zone. 3. This latitudinal location is responsible for large variations in land forms, climate, and soil types. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Correct Option The correct option is 1 and 3 only. Explanation India’s vast latitudinal extent, spanning approximately 30 degrees, plays a crucial role in determining its climatic zones and physical diversity. The Tropic of Cancer (23°30' N) passes through the middle of the country, effectively dividing it into two distinct climatic zones. Statement-wise Analysis - Statement 1 is Correct: The southern part of India lies to the south of the Tropic of Cancer. This region falls within the Tropical zone, characterized by high temperatures throughout the year and smaller annual ranges of temperature. - Statement 2 is Incorrect: The northern part of India lies to the north of the Tropic of Cancer. This region falls within the Sub-tropical (or Warm Temperate) zone, not the tropical zone. It experiences more distinct seasonal changes, including cold winters and hot summers, compared to the southern part. - Statement 3 is Correct: The large latitudinal extent (from roughly 8°4' N to 37°6' N) results in significant variations in solar insolation and temperature. This climatic diversity directly influences soil types (e.g., laterite in tropical wet areas vs. desert soil in arid regions) and natural vegetation. In the context of Indian geography, this vast extent is also associated with the diversity of landforms found across the subcontinent, ranging from coastal plains in the tropical south to the Himalayan mountains in the temperate north. Key Takeaway The Tropic of Cancer divides India into the Tropical zone (South) and the Sub-tropical zone (North). This latitudinal variation is a primary factor responsible for the country's diverse climate, soil types, and vegetation patterns.

NCERT Class 11 Geography — Chapter 1: India - Location

mcqmedium

With reference to the location of India, consider the following statements:

The southern part of the country lies within the tropical zone.
The northern part of the country lies within the tropical zone.
This latitudinal location is responsible for large variations in land forms, climate, and soil types.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

A1 and 2 only
B2 only
C1 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3

Did you get this right?

Solution

Correct Option

The correct option is 1 and 3 only.

Explanation

India’s vast latitudinal extent, spanning approximately 30 degrees, plays a crucial role in determining its climatic zones and physical diversity. The Tropic of Cancer (23°30' N) passes through the middle of the country, effectively dividing it into two distinct climatic zones.

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: The southern part of India lies to the south of the Tropic of Cancer. This region falls within the Tropical zone, characterized by high temperatures throughout the year and smaller annual ranges of temperature.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The northern part of India lies to the north of the Tropic of Cancer. This region falls within the Sub-tropical (or Warm Temperate) zone, not the tropical zone. It experiences more distinct seasonal changes, including cold winters and hot summers, compared to the southern part.
Statement 3 is Correct: The large latitudinal extent (from roughly 8°4' N to 37°6' N) results in significant variations in solar insolation and temperature. This climatic diversity directly influences soil types (e.g., laterite in tropical wet areas vs. desert soil in arid regions) and natural vegetation. In the context of Indian geography, this vast extent is also associated with the diversity of landforms found across the subcontinent, ranging from coastal plains in the tropical south to the Himalayan mountains in the temperate north.

Key Takeaway

The Tropic of Cancer divides India into the Tropical zone (South) and the Sub-tropical zone (North). This latitudinal variation is a primary factor responsible for the country's diverse climate, soil types, and vegetation patterns.

Your note

More from Chapter 1: India - Location

Consider the following statements regarding the Indian Ocean: 1. India is located in the south-central part of Asia, bordering the Indian Ocean. 2. The Bay of Bengal is the only arm of the Indian Ocean. 3. Sri Lanka is located in the Indian Ocean. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

With reference to the latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India, consider the following statements: 1. The actual distance measured from the north to south extremity is shorter than that from east to west. 2. The distance between two longitudes decreases towards the poles, whereas the distance between two latitudes remains the same everywhere. 3. The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India are roughly about 45 degrees each. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

Consider the following statements regarding the Indian Standard Time (IST): 1. The Standard Meridian of India is 82°30' E. 2. The standard meridian is selected in multiples of 15° of longitude to facilitate a general understanding among countries. 3. Indian Standard Time is ahead of Greenwich Mean Time by 5 hours and 30 minutes. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

easy

With reference to India's territorial limits and measurements, consider the following statements: 1. India’s territorial limit extends towards the sea up to 12 statute miles from the coast. 2. One nautical mile is longer than one statute mile. 3. The southern boundary of India extends up to 6°45' N latitude in the Bay of Bengal. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

Consider the following statements regarding the size and geography of India: 1. The mainland coastline of India is 7,517 km long. 2. India accounts for 2.4 % of the world’s land surface area. 3. India is the fifth largest country in the world. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

medium

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Correct Option

The correct option is 1 and 3 only.

Explanation

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: The southern part of India lies to the south of the Tropic of Cancer. This region falls within the Tropical zone, characterized by high temperatures throughout the year and smaller annual ranges of temperature.
Statement 2 is Incorrect: The northern part of India lies to the north of the Tropic of Cancer. This region falls within the Sub-tropical (or Warm Temperate) zone, not the tropical zone. It experiences more distinct seasonal changes, including cold winters and hot summers, compared to the southern part.
Statement 3 is Correct: The large latitudinal extent (from roughly 8°4' N to 37°6' N) results in significant variations in solar insolation and temperature. This climatic diversity directly influences soil types (e.g., laterite in tropical wet areas vs. desert soil in arid regions) and natural vegetation. In the context of Indian geography, this vast extent is also associated with the diversity of landforms found across the subcontinent, ranging from coastal plains in the tropical south to the Himalayan mountains in the temperate north.