Correct Option
The correct option is 2 only.
Explanation
Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one transparent medium to another. This phenomenon is governed by two fundamental laws known as the Laws of Refraction.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Incorrect.
According to the first law of refraction, the incident ray, the refracted ray, and the normal to the interface at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane. They do not lie in different planes.
- Statement 2 is Correct.
This statement describes the second law of refraction, commonly known as Snell’s Law. It states that for a given pair of media and a specific colour (wavelength) of light, the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence ($i$) to the sine of the angle of refraction ($r$) is a constant. This constant is known as the refractive index of the second medium with respect to the first.
Mathematically: $\frac{\sin i}{\sin r} = \text{constant} (\mu)$
Key Takeaway
Snell's Law defines the quantitative relationship between angles of incidence and refraction, while the law of coplanarity ensures that the light path remains within a single geometric plane relative to the normal.