The correct option is 2 only
Explanation
The horticulture sector in India encompasses the production of fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, plantation crops, and aromatic plants. It plays a vital role in the Indian agricultural economy by contributing significantly to the Gross Value Added (GVA) of agriculture and allied sectors.
- Statement 1 is Incorrect: The horticulture sector contributes approximately one-third (about 33%) of the Gross Value Added (GVA) of India's agricultural output. Despite occupying a smaller percentage of the gross cropped area compared to food grains, its contribution to the total value of agricultural output is disproportionately high due to the high value of horticultural crops.
- Statement 2 is Correct: India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world, ranking after China. While India leads in the production of specific crops like bananas, mangoes, and lemons, it holds the second position globally in overall fruit and vegetable production.
- Statement 3 is Incorrect: Flower harvesting and floriculture are labor-intensive activities that employ a significant number of female workers. In rural India, women play a crucial role in various horticultural operations, including sowing, nursery management, and harvesting. There is no exclusivity reserved for male workers in this domain; in fact, the sector is often characterized by the "feminization of agriculture."
Key Takeaway:
India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally (after China), and the horticulture sector accounts for nearly one-third of the country's agricultural GVA, with significant workforce participation from women.