The correct option is (c) 1 and 3 only.
Explanation
The combustion of carbon-based fuels releases various by-products depending on the nature of the fuel and the availability of oxygen. While complete combustion typically produces carbon dioxide and water, incomplete combustion and the physical degradation of solid fuels often result in the emission of harmful pollutants.Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: The burning of carbon fuels such as wood, coal, and petroleum releases unburnt carbon particles. These particles are released into the atmosphere as soot or Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM).
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: These fine carbon particles are dangerous pollutants. They are detrimental to human health rather than beneficial. Inhalation of these particles is linked to severe respiratory diseases, such as asthma and bronchitis.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Incomplete combustion occurs when there is an insufficient supply of oxygen during the burning process. This condition leads to the formation of Carbon Monoxide (CO) gas. Carbon Monoxide is highly poisonous as it binds to hemoglobin in the blood more effectively than oxygen, reducing the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity.
Key Takeaway: The combustion of carbon fuels releases unburnt carbon particles (SPM) which damage respiratory health, and incomplete combustion generates Carbon Monoxide (CO), a toxic gas.