The correct option is (c) 2 and 3 only.
Explanation
Modern irrigation methods are designed to utilize water economically. The two most prominent systems are the Sprinkler System and the Drip System, each operating on distinct mechanical principles suited for different types of crops and land topography.
Statement 1 is Incorrect:
The description of water flowing through a main pipe under pressure and escaping from rotating nozzles refers to the Sprinkler System. This system mimics rain and is often used on uneven land or sandy soil. It is not a feature of the Drip System.
Statement 2 is Correct:
The Drip System is named for its mechanism where water falls drop by drop directly near the roots. This precise application minimizes water wastage through evaporation or runoff.
Statement 3 is Correct:
The Drip System is widely regarded as the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens, and trees. It provides a consistent water supply directly to the root zone, ensuring high water use efficiency, which is critical in regions with water scarcity.
Key Takeaway:
The Sprinkler System sprays water into the air using rotating nozzles (simulating rain), whereas the Drip System delivers water directly to the base of the plant (roots) drop by drop to conserve water.