The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Pressure is a physical quantity that measures the distribution of force over a specific surface area. It is mathematically defined as the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Incorrect. Pressure is defined as Thrust (or Force) per unit Area, not Area per unit Thrust. The mathematical expression is \( P = \frac{F}{A} \), where \( P \) is pressure, \( F \) is the thrust or force, and \( A \) is the area.
- Statement 2 is Correct. Based on the formula \( P = \frac{F}{A} \), pressure is inversely proportional to the area of contact. Therefore, keeping the magnitude of force constant, if the area of contact decreases, the pressure exerted increases. This principle explains why sharp tools (small area) cut more effectively than blunt ones.
- Statement 3 is Correct. The International System of Units (SI) unit of pressure is the Pascal (Pa). It is defined as one Newton per square meter (\( 1 \text{ Pa} = 1 \text{ N/m}^2 \)).
Key Takeaway:
Pressure is the ratio of Force to Area (\( P = \frac{F}{A} \)). A smaller surface area results in higher pressure for a given force. The SI unit for measuring pressure is the Pascal (Pa).