A representative elected by the voters of a specific ward.
Explanation
Under the framework established by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, the Gram Panchayat acts as the executive tier of local self-government at the village level. To facilitate administration and ensure equitable representation, the geographical area of a Gram Panchayat is divided into smaller territorial constituencies known as Wards.
Option Analysis
- A member nominated by the District Magistrate. is incorrect: Ward Members are democratically elected representatives. They are not nominated by administrative authorities such as the District Magistrate.
- A representative elected by the entire village electorate. is incorrect: While the Chairperson (Sarpanch or Pradhan) may be elected by the entire village electorate (depending on specific State legislation), a Ward Member represents only a specific segment of the population.
- A representative elected by the voters of a specific ward. is correct: Each ward elects one representative, known as the Ward Member (or Panch), directly elected by the adult voters registered in that specific ward.
- A permanent government official assigned to the ward. is incorrect: Ward Members are elected political representatives serving a fixed term (usually five years). They are not permanent government officials. The administrative functions are supported by a Panchayat Secretary, who is a permanent government employee.
Key Takeaway: A Gram Panchayat consists of Ward Members (Panchs) elected from specific territorial wards and a Chairperson (Sarpanch) elected as per the procedure determined by the State Legislature.