Correct Option
The correct option isA convex mirror always forms a virtual and diminished image.
Explanation
Spherical mirrors are curved reflecting surfaces categorized as concave or convex. A concave mirror converges parallel rays of light to a focal point, whereas a convex mirror diverges parallel rays, making them appear to originate from a focal point behind the mirror. The nature of the image (real/virtual, erect/inverted, magnified/diminished) depends on the specific mirror type and the object's position relative to the mirror.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement A concave mirror always forms a real image. is Incorrect. A concave mirror does not always form a real image. While it forms a real and inverted image for object positions beyond the focus, it forms a virtual, erect, and magnified image when the object is placed between the pole and the principal focus.
- Statement A convex mirror always forms a virtual and diminished image. is Correct. A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect, and diminished image, regardless of the distance of the object from the mirror. The image is always formed behind the mirror between the pole and the focus. This property allows convex mirrors to provide a wider field of view, making them suitable for use as rear-view mirrors in vehicles.
- Statement A concave mirror always forms an erect image. is Incorrect. A concave mirror forms an inverted image when the image is real (object placed beyond the focus). It forms an erect image only when the image is virtual (object placed within the focal length). Therefore, it does not always form an erect image.
- Statement A convex mirror acts as a converging mirror. is Incorrect. A convex mirror causes parallel light rays to spread out or diverge after reflection. Therefore, it acts as a diverging mirror. It is the concave mirror that acts as a converging mirror.
Key Takeaway
Convex mirrors always produce images that are virtual, erect, and diminished. Concave mirrors are versatile, capable of producing both real (inverted) and virtual (erect) images, as well as magnified or diminished images, depending on the object's position.