The correct option is Ustad Ali Raza.
Explanation
The Bikaner School of painting is a prominent sub-school of Rajasthani miniature painting. It is characterized by a strong Mughal influence due to the long-standing political and cultural associations between the Bikaner rulers and the Mughal court. The school is noted for its refined technique and the significant contribution of Muslim artists, often referred to as Ustads.
Historical Context and Analysis
- Ustad Ali Raza: He was a master painter from Delhi who was employed by Maharaja Karan Singh (1631-1669). His migration and subsequent work at the Bikaner court mark the beginnings of the distinct Bikaner style. His works, such as Vaikuntha Darshana, reflect a synthesis of Mughal artistry with Rajasthani themes.
- Ruknuddin: While a highly significant figure in the Bikaner School, Ruknuddin flourished later, primarily under the patronage of Maharaja Anup Singh (1669-1698). His work represents the maturity of the school rather than its inception under Karan Singh.
- Ibrahim and Nathu: These were other artists associated with the Bikaner atelier but are not credited with the foundational role attributed to Ali Raza during Karan Singh's reign.
Key Takeaway: Ustad Ali Raza is the master painter from Delhi whose employment under Maharaja Karan Singh marks the genesis of the Bikaner School of miniature painting.