Yellow vein mosaic of Okra
Explanation
Plant diseases are caused by various pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The mode of transmission varies significantly depending on the nature of the pathogen, ranging from air and water dispersal to transmission via insect vectors.
- Citrus canker: This is a bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis. It is primarily transmitted through air and rain splashes, not by insect vectors.
- Rust of wheat: This is a fungal disease caused by Puccinia species. It is transmitted through air (wind-borne spores) and infected seeds.
- Yellow vein mosaic of Okra (Bhindi): This is a viral disease caused by the Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (YVMV). It is transmitted by an insect vector, specifically the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci).
- Late blight of potato: This is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans. It is transmitted through air and water.
Key Takeaway: Viral diseases in plants, such as mosaics and leaf curls, are frequently transmitted by insect vectors like aphids and whiteflies, whereas bacterial and fungal diseases are often spread via air, water, or soil.