Correct Option
The correct option isTyphoid
Explanation
Communicable diseases are classified based on their mode of transmission. Waterborne diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms that are transmitted in contaminated fresh water. Infection commonly occurs during bathing, washing, drinking, or in the preparation of food using such water.
Option Analysis:
- Measles is Incorrect: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the rubeola virus. It is primarily transmitted through the air via respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing.
- Chickenpox is Incorrect: Chickenpox is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It spreads through close contact with an infected person or through airborne droplets.
- Typhoid is Correct: Typhoid is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella typhi. It is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, specifically via the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person. It is a classic example of a waterborne disease.
- Malaria is Incorrect: Malaria is a protozoan disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. It is a vector-borne disease transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, not directly through water consumption.
Key Takeaway:
Typhoid is a bacterial disease transmitted through contaminated water and food, whereas Measles and Chickenpox are viral airborne diseases, and Malaria is a vector-borne protozoan disease.