Which one of the following cities serves as a major riverine port on the banks of the River Hooghly?

The correct option is

Kolkata

Explanation

A riverine port is a port located on a river bank, distinct from seaports situated directly on the coastline. These ports rely on the depth and navigability of the river channel to connect with the open sea. The Hooghly River is a significant distributary of the River Ganges in West Bengal.

Option Analysis

• Patna is incorrect: Patna is situated on the southern bank of the River Ganges in Bihar. While it has inland water transport facilities, it is not classified as a major port.
• Kolkata is correct: Kolkata is located on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port (formerly Kolkata Port) is the only major riverine port in India. It is situated approximately 203 kilometers from the sea and serves as a crucial gateway for Eastern India.
• Varanasi is incorrect: Varanasi is located on the banks of the River Ganges in Uttar Pradesh. It is a significant cultural and religious center but does not function as a major commercial port.
• Kanpur is incorrect: Kanpur is situated on the banks of the River Ganges in Uttar Pradesh. It is a major industrial center known for leather and textiles, not as a major riverine port.

Key Takeaway: Kolkata is the only major riverine port among India's designated major ports, situated on the banks of the River Hooghly.