Which of the following values represents the Avogadro number?

Correct Option

The correct option is 6.022 × 10^23.

Explanation

The Avogadro constant (denoted as N_A or L) is a fundamental physical constant used in chemistry and physics. It represents the number of constituent particles (usually atoms or molecules) that are contained in one mole of a given substance. It serves as a bridge between the macroscopic world of grams and the microscopic world of atoms.

Detailed Analysis

• Definition: The Avogadro number is defined as the number of atoms present in exactly 12 grams of the pure carbon-12 isotope (¹²C).
• Value: The scientifically accepted value is approximately 6.022 × 10²³ mol^-1.
• Significance: This constant allows chemists to calculate the number of particles in a given mass of a substance. For example, 1 mole of Hydrogen gas (H₂) contains 6.022 × 10²³ molecules of Hydrogen.

Therefore, the value 6.022 × 10²³ corresponds to the Avogadro number.

Key Takeaway: One mole of any substance contains exactly 6.022 × 10²³ elementary entities (atoms, molecules, ions, or electrons). This value is constant regardless of the state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas).