The correct option is 1 only
Explanation
The suitability of materials for electrical applications depends on their resistivity and thermal stability. Alloys are mixtures of metals (or metals and non-metals) engineered to modify physical properties such as electrical resistance and resistance to corrosion or oxidation.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Alloys generally possess higher electrical resistivity than their constituent pure metals. The atomic structure of an alloy is more disordered compared to the regular crystal lattice of a pure metal. This disorder increases the scattering of electrons, thereby increasing the material's resistance to electric current.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Alloys generally do not oxidize (burn) readily at high temperatures. This thermal stability is a primary reason why alloys, such as Nichrome (an alloy of nickel, chromium, and often iron), are used in electrical heating devices like electric irons and toasters. In contrast, many pure metals oxidize and degrade rapidly when exposed to high temperatures in the presence of air.
Key Takeaway:
Alloys are characterized by higher resistivity and greater resistance to high-temperature oxidation compared to pure metals, making them essential for heating elements in electrical appliances.