NCERT Class 7 Science — Chapter 3: Transportation in animals and plants

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Which of the following statements correctly describes the Pulmonary Vein?

Official previous-year question

Verified 1 Aug 2026.

Options

AIt carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
BIt carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
CIt carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.
DIt carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

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Solution

The correct option is

It carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Explanation

In the mammalian circulatory system, blood vessels are primarily classified based on the direction of blood flow. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood towards the heart. While systemic arteries typically carry oxygenated blood and systemic veins carry deoxygenated blood, the pulmonary circulation functions as an exception to this general rule regarding oxygen content.

Detailed Analysis:

Pulmonary Vein: This vessel transports blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. Since the blood has just passed through the pulmonary capillaries where gas exchange occurs, it is rich in oxygen. Therefore, the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Pulmonary Artery: Conversely, the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
Systemic Veins (e.g., Vena Cava): These carry deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body back to the right atrium of the heart.
Systemic Arteries (e.g., Aorta): These carry oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

Key Takeaway: The Pulmonary Vein is unique among veins because it carries oxygenated blood, whereas all other veins in the adult body carry deoxygenated blood.

Your note

More from Chapter 3: Transportation in animals and plants

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Consider the following statements regarding the clotting of blood: 1. A clot is formed to plug a cut and stop bleeding. 2. The formation of a clot is primarily due to the presence of white blood cells. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to blood vessels in the human body, consider the following statements: 1. Arteries always carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from the heart. 2. Veins generally carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from the body to the heart. 3. Arteries have thick elastic walls while veins have thinner walls. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the Pulmonary Artery, consider the following statements: 1. It carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart. 2. It is called an artery because it carries blood away from the heart. 3. It carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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The correct option is

It carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.

Explanation

Detailed Analysis:

Pulmonary Vein: This vessel transports blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. Since the blood has just passed through the pulmonary capillaries where gas exchange occurs, it is rich in oxygen. Therefore, the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Pulmonary Artery: Conversely, the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
Systemic Veins (e.g., Vena Cava): These carry deoxygenated blood from the rest of the body back to the right atrium of the heart.
Systemic Arteries (e.g., Aorta): These carry oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

Key Takeaway: The Pulmonary Vein is unique among veins because it carries oxygenated blood, whereas all other veins in the adult body carry deoxygenated blood.