The correct option is
1, 2 and 3
Explanation
Plantation Agriculture is a form of commercial farming where a single crop is grown on a large scale, typically in tropical or sub-tropical regions. This system was largely introduced by European colonial powers.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Pair 1 is Correct: Rubber : Malaysia
Historically, Malaysia was the world's largest producer of natural rubber, a plantation crop introduced by the British. While Thailand and Indonesia have surpassed it in total production volume in recent decades, Malaysia remains a key region in the Southeast Asian rubber belt and is a classic textbook example of rubber plantation agriculture.
- Pair 2 is Correct: Coffee : Brazil
Brazil is the undisputed leading producer of coffee in the world and has held this position for over 150 years. Its large coffee plantations are locally known as Fazendas. It accounts for a significant share (approx. one-third) of global coffee production.
- Pair 3 is Correct: Tea : India
India is one of the world's leading producers and consumers of tea. The tea gardens of Assam, West Bengal (Darjeeling), and the Nilgiris are globally renowned. While China is currently the largest producer, India remains a dominant global player and a leading region for tea plantations established during the colonial era.
Key Takeaway
Plantation Agriculture is characterized by estate farming, capital-intensive inputs, and single-crop specialization. Classic geographical associations include Rubber in Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Thailand), Coffee in Brazil, and Tea in India and Sri Lanka.