The correct option is 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
The atmosphere is divided into five distinct layers based on composition, temperature, and other properties. These layers, starting from the surface, are the Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere.- Statement 1 is correct: The Troposphere is the lowermost layer of the atmosphere. It contains the vast majority of the atmosphere's mass, including water vapor and dust particles. Consequently, almost all weather phenomena such as rainfall, fog, and hailstorms occur in this layer.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Stratosphere lies immediately above the troposphere. It is characterized by the absence of clouds and associated weather phenomena, making it ideal for flying aircraft. A crucial feature of this layer is the presence of the Ozone layer, which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
- Statement 3 is correct: The Mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere, situated above the stratosphere. It is the layer where meteorites burn up upon entering from space due to friction with atmospheric gases.
Key Takeaway: The Troposphere is the seat of all weather activity; the Stratosphere houses the protective Ozone layer and is preferred for aviation; and the Mesosphere provides protection by burning up incoming meteorites.