The correct option is 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
Shifting cultivation, also known as "slash and burn" agriculture, is a primitive subsistence farming method. It involves clearing a plot of land by cutting vegetation and burning it to release nutrients into the soil. This practice is known by various local names across different regions of the world.
Statement-wise Analysis:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Ladang is the local name for shifting cultivation practiced in Malaysia and parts of Indonesia. It involves the temporary clearing of tropical rainforests for crop production.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Roca is the term used for shifting cultivation in Brazil. It is widely practiced in the tropical regions of South America.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Jhumming (or Jhum) is the prevalent name for shifting cultivation in North-East India (states like Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland).
Key Takeaway:
Other important regional names for shifting cultivation include Milpa (Mexico and Central America), Masole (Central Africa), Konuko (Venezuela), and Ray (Vietnam).