Correct Option
The correct option is Petrol : Solvent for dry cleaning
Explanation
Crude petroleum is a dark, oily liquid with an unpleasant odour. It is a mixture of various constituents such as petroleum gas, petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, paraffin wax, etc. The process of separating the various constituents or fractions of petroleum is known as refining. Each constituent has specific applications based on its chemical properties and boiling point.
Statement-wise Analysis
- (a) LPG : Fuel for heavy motor vehicles - Incorrect
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is primarily used as fuel for homes and industries. Diesel is the fuel used for heavy motor vehicles like trucks and tractors. - (b) Petrol : Solvent for dry cleaning - Correct
Petrol is used as a motor fuel for light automobiles (such as motorcycles and scooters) and as aviation fuel. It also acts as a solvent for dry cleaning clothes. - (c) Diesel : Fuel for stoves and lamps - Incorrect
Kerosene is the constituent used as fuel for stoves, lamps, and jet aircraft. Diesel is used for heavy motor vehicles and electric generators. - (d) Bitumen : Ointments and candles - Incorrect
Paraffin wax is used in ointments, candles, and Vaseline. Bitumen is used for paints and road surfacing.
Key Takeaway: Petroleum constituents have distinct uses: Bitumen for road surfacing, Paraffin wax for candles/ointments, Kerosene for lamps/stoves, and Petrol as a solvent and fuel for light vehicles.