Moss and Ferns
Explanation
Spore formation is a common method of asexual reproduction in non-flowering plants (cryptogams) and fungi. Spores are microscopic, unicellular reproductive bodies covered by a hard protective coat to withstand unfavourable conditions. Upon reaching suitable conditions (moisture and temperature), they germinate to produce new individuals.
Option Analysis:
- Yeast and Algae Yeast and Algae: Incorrect. While many algae reproduce via spores (e.g., zoospores), Yeast is a unicellular fungus that primarily reproduces asexually through budding, where a small outgrowth separates from the parent cell.
- Moss and Ferns Moss and Ferns: Correct. Both mosses (Bryophytes) and ferns (Pteridophytes) reproduce by forming spores. They possess specialized structures called sporangia (e.g., on the underside of fern leaves) where spores are produced and released for dispersal.
- Potato and Ginger Potato and Ginger: Incorrect. These plants reproduce through vegetative propagation using underground stems. Potato reproduces via tubers (eyes), and Ginger reproduces via rhizomes.
- Rose and Champa Rose and Champa: Incorrect. These are flowering plants (Angiosperms). They primarily reproduce sexually through seeds or asexually through vegetative methods like stem cuttings, not by spore formation.
Key Takeaway:
Spore formation is the characteristic mode of reproduction for cryptogams (non-flowering plants) such as mosses and ferns, as well as multicellular fungi like Rhizopus (bread mould).