Which of the following functions are performed by species in an ecosystem? 1. Capture and store energy. 2. Decompose organic materials. 3. Fix atmospheric gases. 4. Regulate the climate. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Correct Option The correct option is 1, 2, 3 and 4. Explanation Ecosystems function through the complex interactions of biotic components (flora, fauna, and microorganisms) with abiotic factors. Species within an ecosystem perform critical roles known as ecosystem services, which include supporting, provisioning, regulating, and cultural services. Statement-wise Analysis - Statement 1 is Correct: Primary producers, specifically green plants (flora) and algae, capture solar energy through the process of photosynthesis. This energy is converted and stored as chemical energy in the form of biomass, forming the base of the food web. - Statement 2 is Correct: Decomposers (such as fungi and bacteria) and detritivores (such as earthworms and insects) break down dead organic materials. This process releases nutrients back into the soil and atmosphere, making them available for reuse by producers. - Statement 3 is Correct: Specific species play a vital role in fixing atmospheric gases. For example, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (often symbiotic with plant roots) convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by plants. Additionally, plants fix atmospheric carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. - Statement 4 is Correct: Species, particularly large vegetation cover like forests, play a significant role in regulating climate. They influence precipitation patterns through transpiration, sequester carbon to mitigate the greenhouse effect, and moderate local temperatures. Key Takeaway Key Takeaway: Biodiversity is essential for ecosystem stability as species perform fundamental functions including energy flow (production), nutrient cycling (decomposition and gas fixation), and environmental regulation (climate control).

Which of the following functions are… - NCERT Class 11 Geography MCQ

NCERT Class 11 Geography — Chapter 1: Life on the earth

mcqmedium

Which of the following functions are performed by species in an ecosystem?

Capture and store energy.
Decompose organic materials.
Fix atmospheric gases.
Regulate the climate.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

NCERT textbook question

From NCERT Fundamentals of Physical Geography · Page 116

Options

A1, 2, 3 and 4
B1 and 4 only
C1, 2 and 3 only
D2, 3 and 4 only

Did you get this right?

Solution

Correct Option

The correct option is 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Explanation

Ecosystems function through the complex interactions of biotic components (flora, fauna, and microorganisms) with abiotic factors. Species within an ecosystem perform critical roles known as ecosystem services, which include supporting, provisioning, regulating, and cultural services.

Statement-wise Analysis

Statement 1 is Correct: Primary producers, specifically green plants (flora) and algae, capture solar energy through the process of photosynthesis. This energy is converted and stored as chemical energy in the form of biomass, forming the base of the food web.
Statement 2 is Correct: Decomposers (such as fungi and bacteria) and detritivores (such as earthworms and insects) break down dead organic materials. This process releases nutrients back into the soil and atmosphere, making them available for reuse by producers.
Statement 3 is Correct: Specific species play a vital role in fixing atmospheric gases. For example, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (often symbiotic with plant roots) convert atmospheric nitrogen into forms usable by plants. Additionally, plants fix atmospheric carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.
Statement 4 is Correct: Species, particularly large vegetation cover like forests, play a significant role in regulating climate. They influence precipitation patterns through transpiration, sequester carbon to mitigate the greenhouse effect, and moderate local temperatures.

Key Takeaway

Key Takeaway: Biodiversity is essential for ecosystem stability as species perform fundamental functions including energy flow (production), nutrient cycling (decomposition and gas fixation), and environmental regulation (climate control).

Your note

More from Chapter 1: Life on the earth

The Convention of Biodiversity was signed at the Earth Summit held in:

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In India, the Wild Life (Protection) Act was passed in which year?

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Consider the following statements regarding Hotspots: 1. People living in hotspots depend on species-rich ecosystems for food, firewood and timber. 2. Hotspots are areas where biodiversity is least threatened. 3. The hotspots concept was proposed by Norman Myers/Conservation International. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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With reference to the geographical distribution of biodiversity, consider the following statements: 1. The weathering mantle serves as the fundamental basis for the diversity of vegetation. 2. Biodiversity is consistently richer in the polar regions due to lower human interference. 3. The input of solar energy has no role in determining the diversity of vegetation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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