Correct Option
The correct option is (c).
Explanation
Tea is a significant plantation crop that thrives in tropical and sub-tropical climates. It requires specific geographical conditions regarding temperature, rainfall, and soil composition to ensure high yield and quality.
Statement-wise Analysis
- Statement 1 is Correct: While tea is a tropical and sub-tropical plant requiring a warm and moist frost-free climate, it is typically cultivated on hill slopes (such as in Darjeeling or the Nilgiris) where the climate is relatively cooler compared to the tropical plains. The ideal temperature range is generally between 20°C and 30°C.
- Statement 2 is Incorrect: Tea does not require dry conditions. It is a water-intensive crop that needs heavy rainfall ranging from 150 cm to 300 cm annually. Crucially, these showers must be well-distributed throughout the year to ensure the continuous growth of tender leaves.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Tea bushes require deep, fertile, and well-drained loamy soils rich in humus and organic matter. Gentle slopes are essential for cultivation because stagnant water is highly detrimental to the roots of the tea plant.
Key Takeaway: Tea cultivation requires a warm and moist frost-free climate, heavy and well-distributed rainfall, and well-drained slopes to prevent waterlogging, which damages the plant roots.