Correct Option
The correct option isThe force with which it is attracted towards the earth.
Explanation
In physics, it is essential to distinguish between mass and weight. While mass is an intrinsic property of matter representing the quantity of substance, weight is a derived quantity representing the force exerted by gravity on that mass.
Detailed Analysis:
- The quantity of matter contained in it. is Incorrect: The quantity of matter contained in an object is defined as its mass. Mass is a scalar quantity and remains constant regardless of location.
- The force with which it is attracted towards the earth. is Correct: Weight is defined as the force with which an object is attracted towards the center of the Earth (or any other celestial body). It is given by the formula \( W = mg \), where \( m \) is mass and \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity. Since it is a force, weight is a vector quantity.
- The resistance it offers to change in motion. is Incorrect: The resistance an object offers to a change in its state of motion is defined as inertia. Inertia is directly related to mass, not weight.
- The product of its volume and density. is Incorrect: The product of volume and density yields mass (\( m = V \times \rho \)), not weight. To obtain weight, this product must be multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity (\( g \)).
Key Takeaway:
Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in a body and is constant everywhere. Weight is the gravitational force acting on a body and varies depending on the value of gravity (\( g \)) at a specific location.