Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation
The Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in 1929 marked a decisive shift in the ideology of the Indian freedom struggle. It formally changed the objective of the Congress from 'Dominion Status' to 'Purna Swaraj' (Complete Independence).
Historical Context and Analysis
- Presidency: The historic session was presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru. His election as President signified the rising influence of the younger, more radical wing of the Congress, which advocated for total independence rather than constitutional concessions.
- The Resolution: The Purna Swaraj resolution was passed in December 1929. It declared that the British government in India had not only deprived the Indian people of their freedom but had also based itself on the exploitation of the masses.
- Significance:
- On the midnight of December 31, 1929, Jawaharlal Nehru hoisted the newly adopted tricolour flag of Indian independence on the banks of the river Ravi.
- The Congress Working Committee was authorised to launch a programme of civil disobedience.
- January 26, 1930, was fixed as the first Independence (Swarajya) Day, to be celebrated everywhere.
Key Takeaway: The resolution for Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) was adopted at the Lahore Session (1929) under the presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru.